UPSC CSE Prelims
Question 79
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the following?
- Invitation to Congress to participate in the Round Table Conference
- Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement
- Acceptance of Gandhi's suggestion for enquiry into police excesses
- Release of only those prisoners who were not charged with violence
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
View correct answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
Correct Option: B (1, 2 and 4 only)
Explanation: The 1931 Gandhi–Irwin Pact provided Congress participation in the Round Table Conference, withdrawal of certain repressive ordinances and release of non-violent civil-disobedience prisoners, not Gandhi’s demand for a formal inquiry into police violence.
Statement / Pair / Item-wise Analysis:
1. Correct - Congress agreed to participate in the next Round Table Conference.
2. Correct - The government agreed to withdraw relevant emergency ordinances and prosecutions for non-violent activity.
3. Incorrect - A formal investigation into police excesses was not accepted as a pact condition.
4. Correct - Political prisoners not charged with violence were to be released, subject to stipulated exceptions.
Option-wise Analysis:
A. Incorrect-omits correct item 2 (The government agreed to withdraw relevant emergency ordinances and prosecutions for non-violent activity); omits correct item 4 (Political prisoners not charged with violence were to be released, subject to stipulated exceptions).
B. Correct-includes all and only valid statements/items 1, 2, 4.
C. Incorrect-includes incorrect item 3 (A formal investigation into police excesses was not accepted as a pact condition); omits correct item 1 (Congress agreed to participate in the next Round Table Conference); omits correct item 2 (The government agreed to withdraw relevant emergency ordinances and prosecutions for non-violent activity); omits correct item 4 (Political prisoners not charged with violence were to be released, subject to stipulated exceptions).
D. Incorrect-includes incorrect item 3 (A formal investigation into police excesses was not accepted as a pact condition); omits correct item 1 (Congress agreed to participate in the next Round Table Conference).